Overview:
Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) widely used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and decrease fever. It’s available in various forms, including tablets, which are commonly prescribed for conditions such as:
- Arthritis (including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis)
- Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea)
- Migraines
- Acute injury or postoperative pain
Mechanism of Action:
Diclofenac works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are lipid compounds that play a key role in inflammation, pain, and fever. By blocking COX enzymes, diclofenac reduces the production of prostaglandins, thereby alleviating symptoms associated with inflammation and pain.
Dosage and Administration:
The dosage of diclofenac tablets varies depending on the specific condition being treated, the severity of symptoms, and the patient’s overall health profile. It’s crucial to follow a healthcare provider’s instructions regarding dosage to minimize the risk of side effects. Diclofenac is typically taken with food or a glass of milk to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
Side Effects:
Common side effects of diclofenac may include gastrointestinal issues (such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain), headache, dizziness, and rash. More serious but less common side effects can include gastrointestinal bleeding, kidney impairment, liver damage, and increased risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke. Due to these potential risks, it’s important to use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration necessary to control symptoms.
Contraindications and Cautions:
- Diclofenac should not be used by individuals with known hypersensitivity to diclofenac or any component of the formulation.
- Patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease or gastrointestinal bleeding should use diclofenac with caution.
- It’s contraindicated in patients with severe heart failure, recent or upcoming coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, and certain types of kidney disease.
- Diclofenac should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular risk factors, liver disease, and those taking anticoagulants or other NSAIDs.
Interactions:
Diclofenac can interact with various medications, potentially altering their effects. These can include anticoagulants (increased risk of bleeding), antihypertensives (reduced efficacy), other NSAIDs (increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding), and certain antidepressants. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications and supplements you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Monitoring:
Patients using diclofenac for an extended period should be monitored for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, liver dysfunction, and kidney impairment. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is essential to ensure the medication’s safety and effectiveness.
Disclaimer : The information provided on this website/document is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you have any questions or concerns about your health, please consult with a licensed physician or other qualified healthcare provider.